The Mississippi River

The Mississippi River is the largest river system in North America.About 2,320 miles (3,730 km) long, the river originates at Lake Itasca, Minnesota, and flows slowly southwards in sweeping meanders, terminating 95 miles (153 km).

The Amazon River

The Amazon River of South America is the second longest river in the world with an average discharge greater than the next seven largest rivers combined.

The Kapuas River

The Kapuas River is a river in the Indonesian part of Borneo island, at the geographic center of Maritime Southeast Asia. At 1,143 kilometers in length, it is the longest river of Indonesia and one of the world's longest island rivers.

The Ganges River

The Ganges or Ganga,is a trans-boundary river of India and Bangladesh.The 2,525 km (1,569 mi) river rises in the western Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.

The Yangtze River

The Yangtze is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for 6,418 kilometres from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest,central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai.

Monday, August 22, 2011

Lena Delta

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Lena_River_Delta_-_Landsat_2000.jpg/220px-Lena_River_Delta_-_Landsat_2000.jpgAt the end of the Lena River Delta is a great stretching 100 km in the Laptev Sea and is located about 400 km (250 miles) wide. The delta is frozen tundra for about 7 months of the year, but in May transforms the region into a lush wetland area in the coming months. Part of the area is protected as a Wildlife Reserve in the Lena Delta.

The Lena Delta is divided into a multitude of flat islands. The most important are (from west to east): Chychas aryt, Petrouchka, Saga control Samakh Diyete Ary, Turkan Bel'keydere, Sasyllakh Ary, Kolkhoztakh Bel'keydere, Grigoriy Diyelyakh Bel'kee (Grigoriy Islands) Nerpa Uolun aryt , Bel Misha "keydere, Atakhtay Bel'kedere, Arangastakh, Urdiuk Pastakh Bel'key, Past AGYS 'aryt, Dallalakh Island, Ary Otto, Ulla Khan and Orto Ary aryt UES.

Turukannakh-Kumagai is a long and narrow island to the west bank of the Lena Delta.

One of the islands of the Lena Delta, "Ostrov Amerika-Kuba-aryt" or "Ostrov Kuba-aryt" was the name of the island of Cuba during the Soviet era. It is located on the north coast.

Along The Lena

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Lone-maiden-formation.jpg/220px-Lone-maiden-formation.jpgAt the top of the west and northwest of Lake Baikal, the river flows mainly northward. 4400:. A small lake Baikal in the range, in the Baikal-Lena Reserve, 10 km west of Lake Baikal, 1800. The Lena flows north to 19 km, 600 meters to lose altitude and becomes possible in the rafts. Branches to the west and then south to lose another 600 meters to 128 km for Chanchur, where a ranger station. 4222: Kachuga: Beginning of navigation, route of Irkutsk. 4197: Verkholensk: Kulenga mouth of the river north-west through the mountains, the river tutur. 4108: Zhigalovo: start of passenger service, including hydrofoil to Ust-Kut. Canyon downstream.

In the middle section of the river flows mainly north-east. 3705: Ust-Kut, northwest of the northern tip of Lake Baikal. In times of the Cossacks, was the site of a portage between the Yenisei and Lena. Today is the point where the railway crosses the Baikal-Amur mainline Lena on a bridge and manages 80% of the load in the region of the Sakha Republic. 3698: Lena: It's really a part of Ust-Kut, which is widely dispersed. Lena is the river port. 3397: Kirensk: harbor and old Cossack. 3101: "The path of the devil," a section of flood danger. 3096: Shcheki ("cheeks"), a narrow section, with cliffs and turns. Republic of Sakha border. 2955: Vitim: Vitim River and south. We are now north of Lake Baikal. River widens. Many dead trees in the water. 2931: Peledui: Peledui River, ship repair company and the salt mines. 2744: Lensk: the most important port between Kirensk and Yakutsk. Route 230 km north of the mine Mir.

There was a breakpoint in the "Perlinsky Trakht" an old mail route. Lena turns southeast and northeast. 2587: Chepaevo: 2547: Masha, 2337: Olyokminsk:, Olyokma River to the south. The river is 2 km and floodplains. 2213: Uritskoe, 2030-1850: Lena key areas: the rocks along the right bank. 1937: Sinsk, Sinsk River and petroglyphs. 1820: Mokhsogollokh: ferry and opened the way to Yakutsk on the front (west) bank. River to the north. 1805: Pokrovsk: Downstream Cliffs smoking, narrows, CPL and planned instead to fill the Yakutsk Mainline rail Love. Nizhny Bestyakh: 13 km south of Yakutsk on the left side of the road between the southern Lena. In the Kolyma highway to the Pacific Ocean begins in the neighborhood.

At the bottom of the river flows mainly northward. 1710: Yakutsk:. 1560 Aldan River in the east. Rio tends toward the northwest. 1373: Sangar: the coal mines. 1560: Vilyuy River from the west. River going north. 959: the Arctic Circle. 939: Zhigansk, founded in 1632, 865: Agrafena island. 545: Sikhtyakh. 385: Kyushur: regional center. 222: Lena Delta. 0: Tiksi: east of the continent in the delta. Port, airport, two and a half months sailing season. Five degrees north of the Arctic Circle.

History Of The Lena River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Parokhod_na_Lene.jpg/220px-Parokhod_na_Lene.jpgMost scientists believe that the name of the Lena was acquired from the original self-Evenks Elyu-One name, meaning "great river". "Lena" is also a popular name for women in Russia.

According to stories about a century after the events in the years 1620-1623 of the Russian fur hunters, led by Demid Pyanda Tunguska lower back, and discovered near the Lena and it was there or build their ships again. In 1623 Pyanda explored some 2400 km of rocky part of the river above its central parity in the range of Yakutia. In 1628, Vasily Bugor men and ten of them have reached the Lena, the natives and collected yasak Kirinsk founded in 1632. In 1631, Piotr Yeniseisk Voivoda Beketov and sent twenty men to find a ostrog Yakutsk (founded 1632). Yakutsk other shipments distributed in the south and east. The delta of the Lena was reached in 1633.

Baron Eduard von Toll, accompanied by Alexander von Bunge, carried out the expedition Lena Delta, and the New Siberian Islands on behalf of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences in 1885. They explained the Lena Delta, with its many arms flowing into the polar sea. Then, in the spring of 1886 they explored the New Siberian Islands and the Yana River and its tributaries. A year and two days the expedition covered 25000 km, 4200 km of rivers which they grew, the implementation of geodetic surveys along the path.

Vladimir Ilich Ulyanov Lenin took his pen name, Lena, probably because he was exiled on the plateau of central Siberia.

Lena River Basin

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Lena_River_bank_%28synchroswimr%29.jpg/220px-Lena_River_bank_%28synchroswimr%29.jpgThe total length of the river is estimated at 4400 km (2800 miles). Lena River basin area is calculated by 2.49 million km sq (961,394 sq km). The gold is washed from the sand and Vitim Olyokma, and mammoth tusks have been dug in the delta. Lena is an unusual distinction that seems to be the longest river in the world when it appears on the map with the Mercator projection, the most common way to show the spherical shape of a flat surface, since the projection of a tendency to exaggerate the size neighbors of the hubs (no longer the Amazon and Nile rivers and cross the equator.)

Tributaries

The river flows northward between high Kirenga Lena and Lake Baikal. Vitim river drains the northern part of Lake Baikal. The river flows north Olyokma. Amga river is a long curve and parallel to the southeast and flows into the Lena Aldan. Aldan River south makes similar pattern of Aldan and empties into the north of Yakutsk Lena. Maya River, a tributary of Aldan, drains an area almost to the Sea of ​​Okhotsk. The form of T-Vilyuy Chona River system drains most of the area to the west.

Lena River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lena_River_near_Yakutsk_%28synchroswimr%29.jpg/280px-Lena_River_near_Yakutsk_%28synchroswimr%29.jpgLena (Russian: Лена, IPA: [l ʲ enə] Saja: Өлүөнэ, Ölüöne) is the easternmost of the three great rivers of Siberia flowing into the Arctic Ocean (the others being the river Ob and Yenisei River). He is the longest river in the world 11 º and the basin of the ninth. It is the largest Russian River with its basin entirely within national boundaries.

Course

Rising to a height of 1640 meters (5381 feet), the source of the Baikal Mountains south of the Central Siberian Plateau, 7 km (4 million), west of Lake Baikal, Lena flows northeast, which have Kirenga adhered to the river and the river Vitim Olyokma River. From Yakutsk it enters the plains and flows north until it came to the right of the rich river Aldan. Verkhoyansk Range deflects the north-west, then after the main tributary of the left, Vilyuy the river makes its way nearly due north to the Laptev Sea, a division of the Arctic Ocean, draining south-west of the New Siberian Islands Lena Delta - 30,000 square miles (11,583 km ²) area, and went into seven main branches, the most important of which are Bykov, farther from the Middle East.

Argun River

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Ergun and Argun (Mongolian:         , Эргүнэ мөрөн, Ergun Moroni; Manchu: Ergun Bira, Chinese: 额尔古纳河; Аргунь Russian) is the river that forms part of the border with Russia, China . Its headwaters are known as the Hailar River (海拉尔 河, Haila'er He) in China. Its length is 1007 kilometers (1,620 kilometers). The Ergun marks the border between Russia and China for about 944 km until it meets the Amur River, since it was created by the Treaty of Nerchinsk in 1689.

The river flows west side of the chain in the Greater Khingan Inner Mongolia. And 'the confluence of the river to Ust-Amur River Strelka Shilka forms.

Kherlen-Ergun-Amur

In years of heavy rainfall, the lake Hulun usually without hope can shed its north shore and the water will meet after the Ergun about 30 km. The system Kherlen-Ergun-Amour has a total length of 5052 km.

Ergun The Secret History of Mongols

In The Secret History of the Mongols, the legend speaks of Ergun-When the Mongolian ancestry. Here, the Mongols and other tribes was carried out in the slaughterhouse in their midst, who continues to live up to the two men and two women. These two families in the fear of the enemy fled to inaccessible terrain, whose conditions were only the mountains and forests, and instead was on the road. Among the mountains the grass was abundant and healthy climate steppe. Then the legend that Ergun-When multiplied by the Mongols and become masters of the smelting of iron, and Blacksmithing. According to legend, is the art of the molten iron has helped them to escape from the gorges of the current scope of the Mongolian steppes to the river and the river Kherlen Ono.

Bridges And Tunnels In The Amur River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Amurbridge2.jpg/220px-Amurbridge2.jpgThe first permanent bridge to the Amur, in Khabarovsk Bridge was completed in 1916, when the trains of the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the river throughout the year without a ferry or train on the river ice. In 1941 the railway tunnel was also added (see Тоннель под Амуром).

Later, a railway bridge over the Amur Komsomolsk-on-Amur (1975) and a road bridge in Khabarovsk (1999) built.

Solomonovich Valery Gurevich, deputy chairman of the Government of the Russian Jewish Autonomous Oblast said that China and Russia began construction of the bridge project Love in late 2007. The bridge will link Nizhneleninskoye in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast with Tongjiang in Heilongjiang Province. The bridge 2197 feet long, with an estimated investment of nearly U.S. $ 230 million, expected to be completed by the end of 2010, Gurevich said. Gurevich said that the proposal to build a bridge over the river was actually made by Russia in the light of rising freight transportation needs. "The bridge, in the estimates of fat will be completed in three years," Gurevich said.

Direction Of The Amur River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Le_quai_de_Khabarivsk.JPG/220px-Le_quai_de_Khabarivsk.JPGFlowing through the Northeast Asia for over 4444 kilometers (2.761 million), the mountains of northeastern China to the Sea of ​​Okhotsk (near Nikolayevsk-na-Amur), drains a remarkable watershed includes a variety of desert landscapes , steppe, tundra, taiga, and finally emptying into the Pacific Ocean through the Strait of Tartary, at the mouth of the river from the northern tip of Sakhalin Island.

Love has always been closely associated with the island of Sakhalin in his mouth, and most of the names of the island, even in the languages ​​of indigenous peoples in the region derives from the name of the river: "Sakhalin" derives from a dialect related to the Tungus Manchu sahaliyan ("black" as in sahaliyan ula, "Black River"), while Ainu and Japanese "Karaputo" or "Karafuto" comes from the Ainu name of love or mouth. Anton Chekhov vividly described the Amur River in the writings about his trip to the island of Sakhalin in 1890.

The average annual flow varies from 6000 m³ / s (1980) - 12000 m³ / s (1957), which leads to an average of 9819 cubic meters / s or 310 km ³ per year. Most of the run-off took place on 1951 30700 m³ / s, while the lowest discharge recorded in March 1946 with only 514 m³ / s.

History And Background Of The Amur River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ravenstein-Tyr-monument-196.png/220px-Ravenstein-Tyr-monument-196.pngIn many historical references these two geopolitical entities are known as Exterior Manchuria (Russian Manchuria) and the interior of Manchuria, respectively. China's Heilongjiang province, on the south bank of the river bearing his name, as is the Russian Amur Oblast on the north coast. The name of Black River (sahaliyan ULA) was used by the Manchus and the Qing Dynasty who always regarded this sacred river.

The Amur River is a very important symbol - and an important factor in geopolitics - the relations between Russia and China. Love is particularly important in the period following the policy of the Sino-Soviet relations in the 1960s.

For many centuries the valley was populated by Love Tungus (Evenki, Solon, Duch, Nanai, Ulch) and Mongolian (Daur) people, and near its mouth, which Nivkh. For many of them were fishing in the Amur and its tributaries, the main source of their livelihood. Until the 17th century these people were not known to Europeans, and little known to the Chinese, are sometimes collectively described as a wild Jurchen. The term Yupi Dazi ("fish skin Tatars") was used to Nanais and related groups and because of their traditional clothing in fish skin.

The Mongols, in power in China in the Yuan Dynasty, established a small military presence on the Lower Amur 13-14. century, the ruins of a temple dating from the Yuan was excavated near the town of Tyre.

During the Yongle and Xuande (Century 15) of the Ming dynasty in China reached the Amur and in efforts to establish control over the land adjacent to the Ming empire of the North, which was to become later known as Manchuria. Expeditions led by the eunuch came to Tyre Yishiha on several occasions between 1411 and 1430 in the early years, re-build (twice), Temple Yongning and get at least nominal allegiance of the tribes of the Amur lower than the government Ming Dynasty. Some sources also indicate the presence of China in the same period in the center of love, with a strong - a precursor of Aigun later - in fact, for 20 years during the Yongle era of the left (north) bank of Love downstream from the mouth of the Zeya (as opposed to the location of the late Qing Aigun). In any case, the presence of Ming in love was as fleeting as it was tenuous, shortly after the end of the Yongle reign of the dynasty's borders, withdrew to southern Manchuria.

The 17th century saw the conflict for control of the love between the Russian expansion in eastern Siberia and the Qing Empire has increased recently, the original of which was based in southeastern Manchuria. Expeditions led by Russian Cossacks and Vassili Poyarkov Khabarova Yerofey explored Amur and its tributaries in 1643-1644 and 1649-1651, respectively. The Cossacks established at Fort Albazin higher love, the site of the ancient capital of Solon.

At that time, rushed to the Qing conquest of China, but a few decades later, during the reign of Kangxi, they turned their attention to their Manchu court in the North. Aigun was found near the supposed site about Ming. 1683-1684, and military expeditions were sent upstream to drive the Russians, whose privately Albazin Manchu rulers of the tribute Sable Fur Solon Daur area and deliver something else. Albazin fell into a brief military campaign in 1685. Hostilities signed in 1689 by the Treaty of Nerchinsk who left the valley of love, the convergence of the downstream Chilka and Argun, in the hands of Chinese.

The Amur region remained a backwater on the Qing empire for the next half century, with Aigun is virtually the only major city on the River. The Russians again appeared on the river in the middle of the 19th century century, forcing China to allow every country in the north of the river in the Russian Empire by the Treaty Aigun (1858). Land east of Ussuri and lower Amur was acquired by Russia and by the Convention of Peking (1860).

The acquisition of land in the Amur and Ussuri was followed by the migration of Russian settlers in the region and build cities like Blagoveshchensk and, later, Khabarovsk.

A number of steamers of the Amur River, multiplied by the late 19th century. Mining dredges were imported from America to work in gold placer river. Traffic river barges and seriously undermine civil war, 1918-22. German Yangtse gunboats Vaterland Ex-Otter, and the Chinese Nationalist Party, Navy service, patrolled the Amur in 1920.

The Amur River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Amur.jpg/295px-Amur.jpgAmur, or Heilong River (Up: Тамур (Tahir), Manchu: ᠰ ᠠ ᡥ ᠠ ᠯ ᡳ ᠶ ᠠ ᠨ ᡠ ᠯ ᠠ SVG, Sahaliyan Ula; Chinese. 黑龙江; Pinyin: Heilong Jiang, Russian: река Амур, IPA: [ ɐmur]) is the world's tenth largest river, forming the border with Russia Far East (outer Manchuria), and north-east China (Inner Manchuria).

Course

It rises in the hills of Western Manchuria at the confluence of two major tributaries, Ergun Shilka River and the river, at an altitude of 303 meters (994 ft). It flows east, forming the border between China and Russia, and slowly a large arch in the south-east about 400 km (250 million), receiving numerous tributaries and passes through many small towns. Huma This was associated with a higher tributary, the River Huma. Afterwards, continue to flow between the cities of the south to Blagoveschensk (Russia) and Heihe (China), it expands significantly when he joined the Zeya River, one of its main tributaries.

Love the arches to the east and southeast turns back to the confluence with the tributary Bureya then receive another important about 250 kilometers (160 miles) above its confluence with its main tributary, the Songhua River in Tongjiang . At the confluence of the Songhua River, northeast of shifts, now flowing to Khabarovsk, where it joins the Ussuri River and continues to define the border between Russia and China. Now the river is spreading dramatically in a twisted character, which flows north-northeast with a wide valley in eastern Russia, Amursk and Komsomolsk-on-Amur. The valley stretches about 200 kilometers (120 miles) and the river flows north from the plains at the confluence with the river Amgun. Shortly after love turns sharply to the east and in an estuary in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur, about 20 kilometers (12 million) below which empties into the Strait of Tartary / Tatar Strait.

Chambeshi River

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PHYbPb/pLDOs+mjr5jXyqGq5NurRztl3iAK2eG8Ov3QQHy7cvKiwLW0Y94wAGwALZtJ8JUEeusiun4JfS7Jta5YBkZY3it9LShN7mOpOcY3RwfEey14N4nza8yefSsu/wd0Pi6xXpfaTBGFMcxtrXJ8RA0kNr1gfrWktNR4MI6rZgXMAAkzr0qutgxvV/EtyAj1qILWLN02Baw8eYNPeteLSdK0MJaJMRU2J4awOwGnQx+VFtolujK+56x1rQwuGMxJ+tTWsM2cQRHtWtYwbE7ms9+B5GbheCXHYmDXW4Hs9NqCYI9/rVjgfDwBLfU/pXR2SoEV26ekuTlnqN7GXg+CqqgRt/OdSPwRT/tn2rVXyBopPnW2KMsmZqcDX+irKcLH9NWQx86NQNzSpDtkQwKgfB+VRnCr0H89qugiNvpUb3o5aelCSE9yutnyHyP6mia15fz2qO9jxmiNBvt8t6jxPGwqEj05HnFJziuRqLZmdo+Gh0JI5V55Y4OCSY6xrvHQRvXoOJ4q1xYGogc/noPSso4cjT3Pv59B5Vxa3yIP+p06WnJcnNWuGyAcrHmfi/T2qynD4A8IB6cx68611tNsEOmkn8vMUT4S407AfL2muZ6yNlBmQOFxqxEa7anTyqrfwOw1mBPvrH0+tdF/poic/KCYqW3btzyPKNqjzdlqDMLBcLCglgC0aCTGvWd6t4POhgJG8ehq+b8HRP51queKhDDGPWJpLWadhgiLiVl7uXTYEdap2OAXc0ZdCCdV/vW3hseH1Bj1/WpLmMMxn386H8lhgjLt8BYDVRPof3pVrtjCdo0pVHnY8Ec7irWhI+Ic/baj4XxNkMctfCfzX9qmuLp7Vl3EBIHmPrNdz2CLN3iPCkxNuUIVpkkDSYI8Q9OY1qDsqXwpvLdkElCDuGjNsRuKoWMcyNBkEH4uRkmAa38DxVbhiIYDY6g+YpweLtFyWccWXL/ABVWQTOvUb9Ko3ALgmAemxGvTyqLG4F4bJrPIDxCd6ks4QqPFcAPOBMeVdOnOU3+HDqaa01+mFxLh4Lch7VVtYCPP6VuYi3vrPnQJhttacoKyIydEHDsFDSVj3mte7h/f2psPZURNaAdANEn10qoxSQm2zMGC12q1h8PrVhb/RAPU/pRZzMafSs3OEXuylGTWxewaleQq0bzdQPafzrMOMK/7hoPKoX4jm0JPtUS+bpx43GvjyfJqNxEAwWFNd4rEa7n8v4Kwkgbcp+po3xY3IGm3nXLL57fCNl8Zdsv3eLty2gnbroP3qW1xMxzHP1rFPEo3PsBtUD8XJM1i/lz6NPDA6R+IPrCnbrVRuIEiCSPmawrnECdTPPn0oHx7QN+ux/nWl9jVfZS0oLo1gYPM76nfzMUVy+Mu2k8+vtWfYxpgkkTGgnXUwNvnUNzE6hRy/kCsHKT5ZokjSDgbaAbnp5AUP3oSfEdvIfKqTPG8n61Df4gsRpA9tqkDQbFkEZfFUd7Fk9Z/nKsWxxnM+i5AD1/bb+9bGfMsgakE/P+fShpoFbBuOx0J0qG5ZyqWInQneIism/xBmcqs6aDz13qzibuZcp258p029KrFrkC5axcgMJ15TIHpRuUMaAt/wAwH7VmWLkkidvoB0pr91l+HX9oqa/kTa7NQYuOXtoKhfiiydpmsq9ecqZIQQTOhnp71Rt3SkamdN/XnVeNcoG64Okt47z+tKs3DOGGhnUz70qmvwvNejRy1lXWIg9DP0Ola/7Vj4oaD/1rI9zpXqT4MYcli3bDAltioP8A9Z/eq5tZAJmJEH+nSatWD9coH1H60sS4NsHzXf0Aqey7ovYDjey3COUP16Sf1rQxuEzqcpAYnz684/OuX7nu1giV3iNpFX8JxY24B8VuNDzH9vKmmU6lszZOCkbBQOZO/p19ajuWCGjTbfT+GpreIFxQQZH5ftVTEs6mSM3n+/SstTW1ExPQilsSBYMk/wAjlR27zaAQN6ylvnNLb9OnpUlzHEAaa9a5paupLlgopdF93EzMnTz9hTi4DO8nrVexjiBB+goXxA9P5yrDcZOboHnUJun0+VQDEKebaeVRuJ2BP606AluYvqdPzpluTzqnkadhA2q9YeBJim0CIbt6NNz71EbzaDKfkatXMUD0HpQHEAcz86ExUQYzELbQZomffTWqtjiGeTB5xVjFWLdyCwJPXUT8qexaRdhHtHzq1jX6FMzGxdxWlgTG2hHvNaHCr8qXfTp7/wC7Wpl1BltP70VlQRuY5UpNMdeipb4oSxA9Cff+fKpRfW4xUHYDWJ+Rp8RgwwjMQD00oMNw5UnLt60k4olWgbWFUtE/IfnWgl2J2OkbVAVgTE1Vv4zLAVZJ35/4pt5FXRZussb5Z6AVmX+IKrRMgc/Wrxsm5tp/fnNUP9BJYknzGn8FVGUa3Je5dsrnSRInQ89P3qc2503HyHpR4SxkWBEfWiKqNx+dYuQ0iLuhrp8gOVQthhGoMelNcxpBYKPQn61Fh+JM2YR0G3nVbitAC4yk5ATO+lKtA4MNqd/QmlTzQ6JXbUDyJ/Ks/EDRvJ/yar1y2QyiCCA6kEagg7HoQRtVPErq46x9a9J7ohbMC1iQCf8Al28/GTT4nDZ7XgnQj311qutr8UjkVH5+fqa0rFrIhE65h9HI29qj/S3SBusMnUgLPvIqtYlZYaxy5GixKDJIiZBk+TR86PENlMf1MPca/wBqdkr8Gw+OKsLlsga/Dy06iuj4ffF4SN+aiJ9hzFcjYwxmRoVJn51oYC/MlfDcBkcjp096f9tmaKeJu3ey7sMyI3OYUke3T0NZd6wVkGQRp6evQ11vZ7tzdVTbuFZM6tIk84M/Q1f4lisHi4N621u4N2SfEI2Mz5bg+Vcs9OVlupbxPP1A2n5mjewRqAzeQU10d3C2bIIIsXEaAG7wWWQ5gYVirO5idTG+1c7icXfw/edziLd6wGzRqMpJgDI/xHUajrULTYJb0xrWBuHXKQfMx7UOItOAJkHkPfl1qNeJXnaDcGnRAJjfajwV9ntzcYuyuyyx2AUEAfU0TjSscoxAYHT+/wBKcqSDuPTSlcbXeOQp7bDrWW5mU2shT8QB85JqZXA5yfSp2Ck7THWkrAeXypNiBj+9AUJncR5iie9Gi6n1oEttpMfvQhhFBz19akSOX5UOQHb8qDKw2H8PpSAfEXwNIJ9KhF5ydoBPy+dTrbPn9BtUxURzNLKhCVWjVZ0pnQjQBfWiFwka/KelOGP8JpXQ6AS2etGU0if150s/8/vTGdwJ99KlhQxVtIX3mjII3ge9OLpI1idef8mnJ/hFAUQgBtZj2pmKry/TepQZEBhrTLhxrpJHP9aaCiL7z50qnbDD+f4pUWgJh4wGAhlGVwNYMaXIUeFCMok7vm61l3z4z/7DXt2P7N4GzeFu3g7l686Filu6wARTGZzdvKkZiAoJmRI2kUcHwDhVy+9p8Mbd0FFCtcxBJmwt7KSrFQ4BcZQxJ7tiJr10ZPk8RxThHU9RH0q9buSNTrJP/wBhXsF7s1wQrmaydLgQKfvouZmQuq93OeSoLDw6gGq97hnBltq9qyLql7SGHxXw33Kh1BJNwSCPDOoiQaVFZbHkJE2yD0b9DUeNuz3R6lTH0/OvcP8As5wVsngU94NIfE6S/d+OG/Cl5Tx5fECNwRVLHcF4Mvdxh86m8tskNi/DmW6VdIM3gWtMoyTJ56UPkSdHlOBgm6I2cn96hxNkhQVMHkee9e38K7GcLuu3dWUYFLdyVvYgki5nAJUkBR4CBqToZAjXIw2B4VdDH7m1sLauXVN284RltXO7Yk2rrsnij4lk8gYMPoTe9nltu+Li5bmj8vOOlWMPxFrJVbhLW9IbmP7V63f7H8FgM1tQPxYPe4jTuWy3P9+kNA8yREyKkXs/wdyiC3ma5mAScUWGVgjZlnNbgkA5gIkTVN2hxk4u0ef4mwrLEq9twDG8jp6/lWLiuzwW3d7vUESF3KwV08xAr1fiHBsBg++VMJKWcP3twrdvSMxYW0VZJJbK+ugUCdaWHw/DGUm7bC3FjOobGNlZiuVJZVY3GzKQmUMZ0HOsXBm/li+UeN4exldpkCTy6jfyqLBLNt9/+Ih10PitsNf/AI17RicFwUZSwTxIrTmxBhWc2wWIPg8alPFHiEb0d3s3wpcLexK2C9tFd3AbEZ5sBpXI7gqw8QgxvrprUS021RPkW540cGOv89akTDgjl/Jr1bC8I4S982ThymlnIWbFrnN7PAIaO7MrAzRmJ0rS4b2U4TfLLathssE+PECQSQGUswzoSrAMsgwdajwyIzR4yLcSBr5mm7pTMkcq9a/0bhDMAttMn4uZ2uYpAO5Vi2Unwvlytm8QiOe1QYjh/B0Nv8AlGe4jEnFhrZS0LsG2fGZUg7ba7VHgn7QZnla2BELE03dgH+9excL7NcKxF27bt4ck2istOIyMHt27gZHD5SCLi85MExEEwNwThAvFO5GVbd13ud5iAq906IVBJi4czkeEmCsRJo+vL2LJHk7AcgKb7xrr1r19eAcH8P4erEiJxUqVZUPeLM2oZlEuBqwof9D4Kc0IDlYL4TiiWJLKBbCn8XVHHgzfA3Q0vrSHkeRsw5Gd6fvBz5/zevXbPAuDNcVFRSz5Ih8RB7xcyAvmygso0BMmNNaqpwrhT3SluwrL+D+IbuJVW768bQCHXPqNCPCSYkb0fWkGSPLVboBUne+nz/OvVMPwTgjozqgKgIfixUt3jFUyAmbmZgVGUHUEb0WP7NcLTBti0w4uW1E/8TELMPkaZMggzoRyNL60gyR5QY5R/Pzpd4dhXrLcB4OE7w2jkDMrGMX+GViRd/8AxRIMvGhnao8VwbhCd6q2g9y0t0lO8xABNq3nZA5OXNlgwCTBmIo+rL2GSPJ2UEAnflHn+VTBY0Ub+hr1S/2e4aO7jDB175bNxhev/gu48I3hvGVQwZUsJG4FzH9kOF2CouWSuYgAziigJIUZnUlUkkDxEb0/rS/AyR44dDA/xQMkzM/OPoK9i4P2R4ZiQ5t4Zhkd0bOcSmqOyGMzQ2qk6TEiYOlaJ+zbAf8Alx/+29/10fXl7HmjwwW/5qP80q9y/wC7Th//AJf/APrf/wCulT+vL2LNFnjeBAu/eExC2Lluy4csqurWgcxLISCMrahgdJIMzFRXOymcSb75mvLezqqqcwwn3eRGik/HIGh5RVLthwC5evF0tPcLYLFWQVuhQrvBTOrXFDKfENm1iRsRn8Q7OYxZSz3psC5bbJ3zOzf+HKtBOJtNlFyCR3iidQDXaZmlwvscuFdLlzESe+tEEjKGZbNyyFl3YlmN2dySdt4oLnZW2AuXFKr4ZMMhLBGCmzdN5TcGYRmzRBI023qbjfZ27icDhrDl2cPhzdclA65FM3DDEZ1aG8JbUaTWHd7HX0s41Xs/eLt9sO4cdz4roQm5cUXXHdgMSo5gRFAGni+xFlGS491ZZ0W4Xt5hcdsS9xQgzAWybl5lEhtCvMSbGG7HCy/fNeMW7gu5Ut5E8CXgSUUkZyLxllAnIvhq52qwdy/hUC2nZu+wtxrYdEcKl9HcBs4UMFB2f0NYY7OYpkuz34Iw2I+7r95YFHa7eNpWK3YZ1Q2xmJIGgkxNAG3wPglvBuPxcxuottQwAzd2167pHOLjey1QtfZ0iWmt27hQ3LV23eIRPxg7s6Mw/rQuwDcwSDyjN4jwbF52cLdF1Bi2F9sQndqGwzrZVE7wlWWVBbJuGMkGaq2sPiMQjthVxAw4xHwPeNx2H3a2PC4xaSouZyYvRm5EggAHSYzsHauPiWZm/HCQsDLaZWR2ZeZzvassw0nJ51Z4F2UGHuC5mBbLcBC2winO6NMZmMgIBJJPnsKm7O4y4V7m4tzNYSwj3Hy/iObSs/wkgkSJIJEsYJiuXfs7jltAIbuZ7P4032csy4tGyrN5cpNk3RKsmmmYGCADoeK9nmu3L+oFrE4cWnMnOjWy+VlEQwIuNMkRlG86HiuzGYOVuFXOJXEI2UEI6oiBSsjMpCmdQfFoRXKX+EcQyWVRLpKtmDm7DrOJzG2R98ICC3sWN4kHKQI16nhPBri2b2Zri3rrYgZmus+UNdud0VBYqoClYAjYTQBjpwbDL3qnGKznuVuwbZYP9+e/JVTKZ71/IFO0jet9uzimxirJZsuJN8sQACvfJkIHLQda508FuvgreF+5tae2MMpdblgAi3ibDXO6dbmfxBGeSFPhG7RVbi/BseFyWbdwhbl5rVz7wSyjvg1tTmxCeHLJlhc/pKxuAdD/ANkyxZrl3M7thGYi2FB+63M48OYxm2OvpUXZLszawzP3To4QCyISGTJrldyxLNBSYCjnGtZOK7K4l2Zpvyx4kTGLdRLXScJAFyFGXYCAOcVGOA43PdNtbtq8z3G703lNpg2DyBe7W4fH3+RpKCMhM8iAbGP7Eh7CW+8Y92uJjZcxvhokw2XKWHI7ag7VX4Rwlj3mIxF5Gdb18v3QLKv/AIdMOVOgOZckwB5a71jPwDHdwQBiWPeSqG4FX/hZfEwx7XApaDmFwwwJ7szVrF9msWqXmsi4t26eITlxED8S03clZcBT3oQhoDDUmJNAHR9nOzf3SQt0ujJZBUoJzWbFuwHDA7FLS+GN51qhe7BBwUe8TaCXFtp3YGTPiLeIlmmbkPbUcpA111rpMJdclw1soFaFJZT3gyqcwCklRJKw0Hw9IqzQByC9go7uLqoVcuxt2RbbV0bwOHzrIRVOYvI5bUTdhibNuyb+a3YYGwrWhCALcQh8rKbnguFZlfhU6mZ62lQBzGF7EIihQ+guYa5CoqicOoEBR8IaJ02mo8N2JK5M18stsYRbYFpVhcJd7xAdTmY7E6DoBtXV0qAOQv8AYkpbsm1czXcPZsJbzwqk2XLZmgNuCQVA9CNxbs9m3bh5w124BcfOWdVkBnvG7oDEgExy2rpKVAHHcU7BG+rZsQQ1w3TdhDkZrlu3bDrbzwrKlpQJLDVtNdLeI7Fq6sveMJuYi58I07/DtZI35BpHmK6alFAHML2Va3btYe04+7Lft3MrfFbW2e87tDrmDXQD4jKgkSdILtP2QOMZSbzIoUKUy5ho4fMozABzGUkhtNo3rpaVAGdwfhjWO8GfMjXblxRlgp3jtcYFp8QzMY0EAc60aVKgBUqVKgBUqVKgBUqVKgBUqVKgBUqVKgBjT0qVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVACpUqVAH//2Q==The Chambeshi (or Chambezi) River in northern Zambia headstream is farther from the Congo River (in length) and therefore considered as the source. (However, in terms of volume of water, the river is higher Lualaba the "source" of the Congo.)

The Chambeshi rises as a stream in the northern mountains, near Lake Tanganyika in Zambia, at an altitude of 1760 meters. It flows 480 km in the Bangweulu swamps, which form part of Lake Bangweulu, and the end of the rainy season in May, which delivers a current that recharges the wetlands and flooded a vast flood plain in the southeast, supporting the Bangweulu Wetlands ecosystem. Then the water comes out of the swamps in the Luapula River.

Over 100 km of its length, which flows east of Kasama of the river consists of a maze of canals in the marshes about 2 km wide, and the flood of up to 25 km wide. In addition, downstream, where it is bridged by the Kasama-Mpika the road, the railway Tazara, a permanent channel is about the main 100 m wide, and up to 400 meters wide flood.

The Natural History Of The Congo River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kinshasa_%26_Brazzaville_-_ISS007-E-6305_lrg.jpg/250px-Kinshasa_%26_Brazzaville_-_ISS007-E-6305_lrg.jpgCongo River, was born several years ago during the Pleistocene.

The formation of the Congo could lead to allopatric speciation of the bonobo and the chimpanzee in their most recent common ancestor. The bonobo is endemic in the forests of the region, such as the emblematic species like the monkey other wetlands Allen, Dryas monkey, genet water, the okapi and the Congo peacock.

As for the aquatic life, the Congo Basin has a very high species richness, and among the highest concentrations of endemic species known. To date, about 700 fish species were recorded in the Congo Basin, and much remains virtually unstudied. With this and the great ecological differences between regions of the basin, often divided into several ecoregions (instead of being treated as a single ecoregion). Among these ecoregions, Lower Congo Rapids alone has over 300 species of fish, including about 80 endemic species, while the south-west (Kasai Basin) has only about 200 species of fish, about a quarter are endemic . In dominant fish families, at least in some parts of the river are cyprinids (Cyprinidae), Mormyridae (elephantfishes) Alestidae (African tetras) Mochokidae (catfish pouet) and Cichlidae (cichlids). Among the native fish of the river is very large carnivorous giant tiger.

Two rare endemic cichlids are light (not pigmented) and a blind lethops Lamprologus, which is believed to live as deep as 160 meters (520 ft) below the surface, and multidens Heterochromis, which seems to be closely linked to the cichlids of the Americas than in other African cichlids. There are also a number of endemic frogs and snails. Several hydroelectric dams are planned river, and these can lead to the extinction of many endemic species.

Several species of turtles, and the gharial, the Nile and the dwarf crocodile is from the Congo Basin.

The Economic Importance Of The Congo River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Congo_maluku.jpg/250px-Congo_maluku.jpgAlthough Livingstone Falls prevent access from the sea, most of the easily navigable sections of the Congo, especially between Kinshasa and Kisangani. Large river steamers worked the river until recently. The Congo is still standing land without roads or railways.

See Congo River Steamers

Railways now bypass the three fall, and many exchanges in Central Africa walk along the river, including copper, palm oil (as kernels), sugar, coffee and cotton. The river is also potentially valuable for hydroelectric power and dams Inga below Pool Malebo is the first to exploit the Congo River.
 
Hydroelectric

Congo River is the most powerful river in Africa. During the rainy season more than 50,000 cubic meters of water per second flow into the Atlantic Ocean. Opportunities for the Congo River and its tributaries, to raise a huge hydroelectric power. Scientists have calculated that the entire Congo Basin Thirteen percent share of the hydroelectric potential of the world. This would provide enough power for all sub-Saharan Africa needs electricity.

Currently, about forty hydroelectric plants in the Congo Basin. More spectacular is Inga Falls, about 200 km southwest of Kinshasa. Inga influential project was launched in early 1970 to build the first dam. Four additional dams and the construction of a gigantic dam would have a capacity of 34 500 MW, which is almost three times larger than all existing plants in Belgium together. So far, only two dams were built by Inga I and Inga II, consisting of two turbines pm.

In February 2005, the South African society of public authority, Eskom, announced a proposal to increase the capacity of Inga much to improve and build a new hydroelectric dam. The project would bring the full power of the installation of 40 GW, or twice that of China Three Gorges.

It is feared that these new hydroelectric dams can lead to the extinction of many species that are endemic to river.

Congo River

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sunrise_near_Mossaka_%28Congo%29.JPG/256px-Sunrise_near_Mossaka_%28Congo%29.JPGThe Congo River (also known as Zaire River) is a river in Africa, and is the world's deepest river, with a measured depth of 230 m beyond (750 feet). It is the second largest river in the world by volume of water discharged, but only one fifth of the volume of the world's largest river, the Amazon. In addition, the total length of 4700 km (2,920 miles) makes it the longest river in the ninth.

Its catchment area covers 4014500 km square (1.55 million square miles). Congo, the discharge of his mouth varies from 23 000 cubic meters per second (810,000 cu ft / sec) 75 000 cubic meters per second (2.6 million cu ft / sec), with an average of 41 000 cubic meters per second (1.4 million cu ft / s).

The river and its tributaries across the Congo rainforest, the second largest rainforest in the world, surpassed only by the Amazon in South America. The river also flows the second largest in the world, behind the Amazon, the drainage area of ​​a third river, behind the Amazon and the Rio Plata River, and is one of the deepest rivers in the world, at depths exceeding 230 m (750 ft.) Because large parts of the river system above and below the equator, its flow is stable, because there is always at least one section of the river is experiencing a rainy season.

The Congo gets its name from the ancient kingdom of Kongo, who inhabited the land in the river mouth. Democratic Republic of Congo and the Republic of Congo, two countries located along the banks of the river bearing his name. Between 1971 and 1997, the government of Zaire, known as the Zaire River.

Sources of Congo are the highlands and mountains of the East African Rift and Lake Tanganyika and Lake Mweru, which feed the river Lualaba, which then becomes the Congo below Boyoma Falls. Chambeshi River in Zambia is generally regarded as the source of the Congo, in accordance with accepted practice around the world use the longest side of the river, like the river Nile.

The Congo flows generally north of Kisangani just below the Boyoma falls, then gradually bends southwest, passing by Mbandaka, joining with the Ubangi River, and run in the Pool Malebo (Stanley Pool). Kinshasa (formerly Leopoldville) and Brazzaville are on opposite sides of the river to the pool where the river narrows and falls through a series of cataracts in deep canyons (collectively known as the Livingstone Falls), running in Matadi and Boma, and at sea in the small town of Muanda.

The Congo Basin is one of the physiographic sections of the largest province in mid-Africa, which in turn is part of the great physiographic division of the mass of Africans.

Wednesday, August 10, 2011

Etymology And Wildlife

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Provincia_de_Buenos_Aires_-_Mart%C3%ADnez_-_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata_2.jpg/225px-Provincia_de_Buenos_Aires_-_Mart%C3%ADnez_-_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata_2.jpgThe "River Plate" is the English name, as is sometimes thought, a mistranslation, as "plate" has been widely used as a name for the "money" or "gold" of 12 century especially in the early modern English and the estuary was known as the River Plate River Plate or English, at least since the time of Francis Drake. A modern translation from Spanish of the Río de la Plata is the "Rio de la Plata", referring not to color, but the wealth of the legendary Sierra de la Plata, believed to be upstream.

English version of the name was inspired by one of the most important football clubs in Argentina, Club Atletico River Plate.

Río de la Plata is a habitat of sea turtle Caretta, Green Sea Turtle, Sea Turtle lute, a rare La Plata Dolphin, and many species of fish.

Battle Of River Plate

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Buenos_Aires_desde_el_Rio_de_la_Plata.jpg/225px-Buenos_Aires_desde_el_Rio_de_la_Plata.jpgBattle of the Rio de la Plata, one of the first World War II naval communication between the German pocket-battleship Admiral Graf Spee and the British ships and New Zealand, started several miles from the coast of the estuary. The German ship retired to the mouth, and put the port of Montevideo. A few days later, the fight unarmed, was sunk in the estuary.

These events were portrayed in the 1956 film The Battle of River Plate - also known as the pursuit of the Graf Spee - by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger.

History of Río de la Plata

http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTDI6a4Qp1U_anQNHgeWDmfM24LLXXZSCI2ha_tjGZxhjTP1PKjRiver Plate was first explored by Europeans in 1516 when the Spanish navigator Juan Díaz de Solís it passes through during its search for a passage between the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean. Juan Díaz de Solís called Dulce March or gentle sea. The Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan explored the estuary cards in 1520, before his expedition continued its circumnavigation.

Sebastian Cabot made a detailed study of the area and named it Rio de la Plata. He explained the rivers Parana and Uruguay, between 1526 and 1529. He rose from the Parana, as the present city of Asuncion, and has studied up to the Paraguay River. Closing today Guarani Asuncion, Cabot purchased the jewelry of silver, and these things gave birth to the name of the Río de la Plata, the "Silver River".

The area was visited by Francis Drake in 1578 the fleet beginning in the early stages of his circumnavigation.

The first European settlement was the city of Buenos Aires, founded by Pedro de Mendoza, 2 februar 1536th However, it was quickly abandoned. It was refounded by Juan de Garay, 11 Juni 1580th The fact that the establishment of regulations to the estuary has led to explorations up the river and the foundation of Asunción in 1537.

During colonial Rio de la Plata has been largely neglected by the Spanish empire until the 1760s, when Portugal and Britain has threatened to expand into the estuary. The Spanish Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata was created in 1776. In 1806 and 1807 the river was the scene of a major British invasion that was to fill the area.

Conflictivity region intensified after the independence of former colonies of Spain and Portugal in the first quarter of 19 century. Areas of interest and navigation rights Platine region played an important role in many armed conflicts throughout the century, including the Argentine civil wars, wars and Cisplatin Sinkers, and the War of the Triple Alliance. The river was blocked by external powers, 1838-1840 and 1845-1850.

Drainage Basin of Río de la Plata

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Plata_buenos_aires_montevideo_map.PNG/300px-Plata_buenos_aires_montevideo_map.PNGLa Plata Basin, the Rio de la Plata, the river, is the second largest in South America. In a size of about 4,144,000 km square (1.6 million km ²), the pool is about one quarter the size of the continent. It includes the areas of southeastern Bolivia, southern and central Brazil, the entire nation of Paraguay, Uruguay, and most of northern Argentina. The main tributaries of La Plata basin of the Parana, one of the longest in the world, and its main tributary, the Paraguay River, and the Uruguay River.

Major tributaries of the Paraná River includes Paranaíba, Rio Grande, Corumbá River, Tietê River, the river Paranapanema, Iguazu River, Black River, the river Carcarañá Gualeguay River and the Rio Salado. The Paraná River flows into the large Parana Delta.

The main tributaries of the Paraguay River include Jauru Cuiabá river, River Taquari, Nabileque Curiche River Grand River, the river Apa, Pilcomayo and the Bermejo River. The Paraguay River runs through the wetlands of the Pantanal.

Uruguay are the main tributaries of the River Pelotas, Canoas River, River Peperiguaçu, Ibicuí River, River Quaraí, and Rio Negro.

La Plata Basin rivers transport approximately 57 million cubic meters (2.0 × 109 cubic feet), and silt in the Río de la Plata every year, when Muddy Waters have risen from the winds and tides. Bus transport between the Atlantic and Buenos Aires are open for constant dredging.

Geography of Río de la Plata

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Riodelaplatabasinmap.png/300px-Riodelaplatabasinmap.pngSome geographers consider the Rio de la Plata one. Marginal Gulf or the ocean from the Atlantic Ocean, while others consider it a river of those who see it as a river, is the world's largest, with a maximum width of about 220 km (140 miles) and a surface total of some 35,000 square kilometers (14,000 square miles).

Río de la Plata estuary behaves like, where fresh and salt water mix. The fresh water comes from the Paraná River, one of the world's longest, and its main tributary, the Paraguay River and the Uruguay River and other small waterways. Flows of the Río de la Plata is controlled by the flow of the tide of its source, and then, as part of the rivers Uruguay and Parana. Both rivers are affected by tides about 190 km (120 miles). Tidal ranges from the Rio de la Plata are small, but its width allows a large tidal prism important enough to manage the flow of the system despite a huge download received from tributaries. Drain into the rivers is strong enough to prevent saline water inside the Río de la Plata.

A shoal submerged, the Barra del Indio, acts as a barrier dividing the Río de la Plata in fresh water rivers in the area and only an outer zone of the delta of brackish water. The bench is about between Montevideo and Punta Piedras (the north-west of the bay Samborombón). Fresh water from the inner area which led many to describe the Río de la Plata as a river.  the depth of the inner river zone is between about 1 to 5 feet (3.3 to 16 m). It is about 180 km (110 miles) long and up to 80 km (50 mi) wide. The depth of the outer zone of the estuary increases from 5 to 25 meters (16-82 feet).

Rio de la Plata estuary is a salt wedge. Saline, which is heavier than fresh water enters the estuary in a layer under the fresh water floating on the surface. The fronts of salinity or Halocline form the bottom and the surface, where fresh water and brackish water meet. Salinity fronts pycnoclines are also due to discontinuities in density of water. They play an important role in the process of reproduction of fish.

Río de la Plata

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The Rio de la Plata (Spanish pronunciation: [Plate Ri.O], Rio de la Plata), sometimes rendered in English River Plate and Commonwealth Office, representing sometimes [the] other Silver English speaking countries is the river and the estuary formed by the confluence of the River Uruguay and the Parana River on the border between Argentina and Uruguay. It is a funnel-shaped indentation on the southeastern coast of South America, about 290 kilometers (180 miles) long.

Rio de la Plata extends about 2 km (1.2 mi) to the deepest part at about 220 km (140 mi) at its mouth. It is part of the border between Argentina and Uruguay, with the main port and capital city of Montevideo and Buenos Aires on the coast west and north, respectively. The shores of the Río de la Plata is the most densely populated areas of Argentina and Uruguay.