Features Of The Yellow River

Its average flow is said to be 2110 meters cubic per second (32,000 by the Yangtze River), with a maximum of 25,000 and a minimum of 245.
Yellow River is an important and a large amount of mud has been transported, 1600000000 tonnes per year at the point where it descends to the plateau of loess. If you are running into the sea in sufficient quantity, 1.4 billion tonnes transported to the sea every year.
In modern times, at its first dry since 1972, the river dried up in the lower reaches several times, from Jinan to the sea in most years in 1997 for 226 days. The low volume due to increased irrigation in agriculture, with a factor of five since 1950. Water diverted from the river that was used in 1999 140 million people and 74,000 km ² of irrigated land (48,572 km ²) of land.The largest volume occurs during the rainy season from July to October, where 60% of the Annual river flows. The maximum demand for irrigation is needed between March and June To capture excess water for use when necessary, and for flood control and power generation, several dams were built, but due to high silt load in their lives should be limited.
A South-North Water Transfer Project involves several schemes to divert water from the Yangtze River, one in the upper rivers of the west, where they are closest to each other, one of the upper Han River, and a third by route of the Grand Canal.
Because of its large sediment load of the Yellow River flow is a deposit, which deposits its load of earth in his bed in sections where it flows slowly. These deposits to raise the bed of the river flowing between the levees at the bottom. If there is a flood, the river is out of the dikes in the flood plain around and take a new direction. Historically, this has happened once every hundred years. In modern times, efforts have been made to strengthen the levees and flood control.
Flooding of the Yellow River for two reasons. First, the North China Plain is very flat and there is no natural valley. Reached in many places the sea in Shanghai, Tianjin, Shandong, with the exception of the mountain area. Secondly, the loess plateau of the mud of the river makes a very muddy, which is why the river is called the "yellow". An estimate gives 34 kg of sludge per cubic meter compared to 10 in Colorado and the Nile. When the river leaves the Plateau of Shanxi, the slurry is deposited in the riverbed. Eventually, the bed of the river is too low and the river is forced to find a new direction. The people responded with the construction of levees on the banks, but the silting continued to force people to build the levees higher. When the floodwaters finally broke through the levees, was not able to drain back into the river bed, because it is normal after the floods after the river bed was now higher than the surrounding terrain. Yellow River Delta in a total of 8000 square kilometers (3,090 miles ²). Since 1996 he has been reported to be shrinking slightly each year erosion.

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